Personal duty-free allowance at entry: 5,000 yuan for resident travellers, 2,000 yuan for non-residents (goods bought abroad and carried in).

Tobacco and alcohol: 400 cigarettes (two cartons), 100 cigars, 500g tobacco; 1,500 ml of alcohol (about two bottles). Excess is taxed.

Electronics and luxury: watches, bags and jewellery above the allowance must be declared and taxed; personal cameras and laptops are generally fine but may draw questions if large.

Declaration: items to declare go through the red channel with a truthful form; the green channel, if searched, risks fines beyond duty.

Shopping note: airport duty-free goods (including tobacco and alcohol) count toward the allowance; Hainan offshore duty-free (100,000 yuan yearly) is a separate scheme.

Cash: RMB cash carry limit is 20,000 yuan; foreign currency equivalent 5,000 USD; beyond that, declare.