After marrying a Chinese citizen, a foreigner can apply for a Q1 visa (family reunion, stays over 180 days) or Q2 (short visits, under 180 days). Q1 holders must apply for a private-affairs residence permit within 30 days of arrival — the foundation for long-term settlement.
Reunion residence requires: passport, Q1 visa, marriage certificate (authenticated by a Chinese embassy or notarized in China), your spouse's ID card and hukou booklet, accommodation registration, health certificate and photos. With complete papers you usually get approval in 5-10 working days, typically 1 year renewable; some cities grant 2-5 years after a minimum marriage duration.
The S visa covers relatives of foreigners: the foreign spouse, parents and children of a Q-visa holder can apply for S1/S2 to reunite or visit, and convert to residence permits too.
Reunion residence is a major stepping stone to the green card: spouses whose marriage has lasted 5+ years, who meet annual residence requirements and have stable support can apply for PR. Keep your notarized marriage, accommodation registrations and permit history — you will need them all.
